Strategic Management The Case of Nike, Inc.

tropical rain forests essays

tropical rain forests essays Long ago, the Earth had a green belt of rain forests around its middle that covered almost twelve percent of the earth's land surface.(Miller we can no longer use the excuse of ignorance."(Hammond 2) People need to try harder to stop rain forest depletion. There are two major areas on earth where rain forests are located. One of these areas is called "The Old World Tropics," which includes Africa and Asia. In Africa, the rain forests are primarily located around the Zaire river. The other area in which rain forests are located is called "The New World Tropics," which contains Central and South America. The New World tropics are in lower altitudes as opposed to the Old World tropics, which are at higher altitudes. Rain forests are located around the equator. This location of the rain forests makes them warm and humid all year round. There are never cold winters in the rain forests. During winter in the rain forests, people comfortably are able to wear T-shirts and shorts. The rain fo rest has a rainy season which usually lasts most of the year. "The rain forests of the world are home to more than half of the animal species that live on earth."(CSIRO 1) Many of these creatures are some of the most beautiful and odd creatures in the world, Such as the large rodent Capybara, the Anteater, and many different colorful exotic birds. There are many beautiful creatures living in our Earth's rain forests. Many people are ignorant to the effects of rain forest depletion on our environment, and this ignorance is a major cause in the beginning of the destruction of the rain forests. "European settlers exploit...

Law essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Law - Essay Example was carried in by the canon lawyers and then by the school of natural law leading to voluntarism, the leading lights of which were Domat and Pothier and which carried all before it under the French Civil Code during the whole of the nineteenth century. Conversely, in England, though not in Scotland, Roman law has not had the same influence. It took longer for the notion of contract to be worked out and voluntarism went into an almost immediate decline. The decline was hastened by the analyses of American writers, particularly following the famous article by Fuller and Perdue these went as far as proclaiming the death of the contract. Yet contract is alive, and it continues to constitute the basic legal instrument used to regulate the economic relations between natural and legal persons. It is, however, a concept which has undergone a certain evolution and which, from a comparative point of view, does not take the form of a uniform model. A contract under common law is not exactly the same as under the German or French legal systems. For that reason, it is necessary to begin with a study of the basic notion of a contract as it exists in the main legal systems with which we are concerned, in order to work out what it is that the various concepts with which we are concerned, in order to work out what it is that the various concepts found in those systems have in common. Once that has been done, it will be possible to determine the relationship between the notion of a contract, as thus defined, and the other sources of law giving rise to obligations, such as torts and quasi-contract/restitution. After that, it will then be necessary to move onto a higher plane, by considering what it is that gives binding force to a contract (Beale, 2002, KÃ ¶tz and Flessner, 1997). A contract is a voluntary agreement or promise between legally competent parties, supported by legal consideration, to perform or refrain from performing) some legal act. That definition may be easier to

Interview based Analysis & Human Resource Management Essay

Interview based Analysis & Human Resource Management - Essay Example Her job profile is writing concepts and copy for all clients that come under her team. She is very reserved in nature and does not like intermingling, a reason for her seeming not to get promoted, even though she is well-qualified and her performance evaluations are good too. When asked about the situation, Sara claimed that she is a devoted employee and a hard worker, but her boss plays favorites and always gives her key assignments to Natasha, this lady who a year back was hired as an art director and started playing great politics with her by grabbing the conceptual bit of all main projects as well to take over the limelight which she successfully did and has been promoted as a team leader with a raise such that no one ever got throughout the agency’s history. Sara’s immediate boss, her group head though likes her work but still assigns an option of the work that he assigns Sara to Natasha as well and that is how she overshadows Sara through her ultra modern personal ity and dramatic presentation skills. Sara feels it is very unfair that all her opportunities are being transferred to Natasha and she is playing it all very smartly not refusing Sara’s work but utilizing it to gain the spotlight. When Sara found out that she was a victim of favoritism she did not cry out loud, instead taking it for over six continuous months went straight up to her group head and made sure to communicate to him her interest in taking on additional responsibility. She thought might be her head would have been waiting for her to show initiative but still over the months the same kept on happening. After very formally and positively venting out the situation to her immediate boss and not getting any results Sara went up to the HR manager of the agency and expressed her views. From her HR’s perspective politics is something so unhealthy and infectious that it kills an organization

Genies Character in The Secret of the Wild Child Assignment

Genies Character in The Secret of the Wild Child - Assignment Example In my opinion, Genie should be placed in a home where she is adopted by parents whose primary concern and care are towards her safety, protection, and comfort. Since she is mentally like an infant, she should be treated like a child and be left to play and interact with children while receiving mental care at another facility. My emotional reaction to Genie’s case is one of profound sadness. Her traumatic childhood experience, her lack of inability to grasp grammar despite four years of training, her situation with the scientists. In some instances, the psychologists and therapists seemed to care more about scientific discovery rather than her well- being. If I was a social worker, I would have ensured that there was a specific distinction between where she lived and where she received her treatment. I would ensure that she received the proper mental care she needed outside her home, where she would remain a child and not the subject of an experiment. As a therapist, I would primarily employ cognitive behavioral therapy, which is useful when modifying unwanted behavior such as temper tantrums exhibited by Genie. According to Dobson, cognitive behavioral therapy would also be effective since it enforces conditioning human behavior from the environment and external stimuli.

Use Of Light Alloy Materials In Aircraft Construction Engineering Essay

Use Of Light Alloy Materials In Aircraft Construction Engineering Essay Q1. Evaluate and Analyse: The use of light alloy materials in aircraft construction. Aircraft construction involves the use of various alloys including titanium alloy, magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy. Titanium alloys are useful in parts of aircraft that need to be of high resistance against heat. This alloy is usually used in turbine engine blades, tail pipe casings, and engine firewalls. The alloy is also preferred more for construction of high speed aircrafts. This alloy has melting point of around 13000 C to 14500 C (Huang, 2004). This alloy is useful for aircrafts that are built for fighting purposes. Cutting of alloys of titanium and magnesium results in generation of; sparking at normal instances. These are not easy to cut down. Therefore, parts of aircraft that need to cut down at any moment in the future, do not make use of these two alloys. Magnesium alloy is best suited for strengthening of brackets all across the aircrafts, turbine engines for compressor casings, piston engines crank cases, and brackets of engine mounting (Anyalebechi, 2005). This alloy melts at a temperature ranging from 7000C to 8000 C and burns at a temperature higher than this (Huang, 2004). Aluminium alloys on the other hand are of quite less melting point and are easy to be cut down. Therefore, these are best suited for aircraft parts that need not be too tough and can be cut down as and when required. Alloys of magnesium are preferably used in construction of aircraft due to their nature of being light weight resulting in cost reduction on consumption of fuel and air pollution. The stiffness and strength of magnesium alloys is quite lower at the temperature of around 1500 C (Greger et al., 2007; Kielbus et al., 2007; Dobrzanski et al., 2007). These characteristics act in favour of the alloy and raise its demand in the construction work of aircrafts. This alloy is highly acceptable due to its strong nature of material ability leading it in favour of the alloy and increased demand of this material to suit the needs of the industry. The use of composites in aircraft construction. Composite materials are quite widely used in todays times for the construction and development of modern aircrafts. Even these can be used to retrofit to aircrafts that become old. The composites are developed by using MMMF (Also called as Man Made Mineral Fibres) to make it a durable and strong material for construction purpose of aircraft. These materials are more used for construction of wheel bay doors, engine cowlings, cabin floors, and control surface. However, these materials are not good for those who locate around the aircraft during wreckage conditions. The material of aircraft at certain instances require good ratio between strength and weight, i.e. the ratio has to be high enough (Anyalebechi, 2005). The nature to fabricate satisfies this need for aircraft construction and development. Bonding materials are used for development of these composite materials. Therefore, these are best suited to prepare majority of parts of an aircraft. Because of this reason, composite materials are in huge demand in present days for construction purpose of normal aircrafts. The materials are also durable and because of this nature of durability, the parts of aircraft suit best for these. However, there are situations when there is the need to cut the material while carrying on the construction work. At such instances it becomes important to make use of these materials for parts that are hard enough to keep the aircraft safe against risk situations. With the change in thermal value of a composite takes place, it generates thermal stress on the body, which is due to the disturbance created. Composites are made up of thin sheets and fibres are stated in lines within the sheet therefore for making use of composite, these shall be in the form of layer (Olsen, 1986). For construction work, aircrafts ends that need to be constructed by moulding material, composites are well suited. One can also manipulate physical properties of the material by introducing some orientations in between the layers of fibre (Olsen, 1986). Analyse/Compare the choice of use made in a b above. For the construction of an aircraft, it becomes important to focus on the quality of material used. The material used shall be of high strength first of all. This is necessary to ensure that the aircraft is strong enough and can stand well. However, there are chances that the aircraft due to this factor becomes quite heavy and in turn requires huge force to fly it due to high degree of stress over its wings. The tensile strength of devices shall be strong enough in aircraft. However, at present times the aircraft construction has migrated towards the use of composites of high strength (Wireless News, 2005). At normal instances, graphite composites are used for construction of aircraft wings, which does offer high degree of strength. The density of these composites too is quite high. Therefore, the composite of this type results in quite a well defined value of strength to weight ratio. Figure 1: Change in coefficient of thermal expansion due to change in temperature. Source: Huang, 2004 From the above we can note how the increase in temperature affects the value of coefficient of thermal expansion for the composites of aluminium alloys. Higher the temperature of surroundings, higher is the risk of melting of material used for construction work. Therefore, it becomes crucial to use materials based on the need, else there can be chances of accidents for these devices. There are always risks of fire and other accidents in the environment for aircraft industry. Alloys and composites are however, not possible to be used alone for the construction of an aircraft. Depending on the requirement, both of these shall be made use of instead of just depending on either of the materials. Therefore, before the construction to take place, it shall be clear enough in mind to know the requirement and basic needs of each of the parts. In this case, the situation becomes favourable for aircraft resulting in production of a strong and safe aircraft. It is noted that composites of graphite outperform the value of metal alloys of common nature for constructing any wing. The strength of graphite composite is higher as compared to that of steel too. The stiffness range is quite varied up to the minimum value of AA6061- T6. Therefore, the composite, on comparing with aluminium, has high stiffness. In addition, these composites can even be stiffer as compared to mild steel. Composite materials are therefore a preferred choice in present times due to their high degree of stiffness and strength. These materials can be used in quite a large number of parts of an aircraft resulting in increased demand for construction work of an aircraft, as compared to that of alloys (Anyalebechi, 2005). Depending on the requirement for construction of any part of the aircraft, it becomes crucial to make use of the material that suits best to the need. Some of the parts of aircraft demand the use of strong material, whereas others do not need high tensile strength. Parts of aircraft such as wings require ability to be safe against high temperature conditions, whereas other parts such as cabin and floor need to be durable enough to make a good quality of aircraft. Therefore, composite materials such as graphite composite are quite suitable for construction of wings while other parts can be made using alloys of aluminium. Q2. Investigate and Evaluate: Why the correct identification of aircraft spare parts is critical to the safety of aircraft. Aircraft carries hundreds of lives at risk in the sky. A minor mistake can result in huge losses of life. Therefore, it becomes quite important to properly evaluate the safety features of aircrafts spare parts. Fire is amongst the most risky hazard against aircrafts, whether they are for military, civil or commercial purpose. Fire while in flight is considered as 4th highest hazard that arises due to accidents in jet aircrafts (Boeing, 2005). This shows the risk of fire as quite notable ones. FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) had argued that if no proper measure is taken and the rate of occurrence of accidents in aircraft taking place due to fire continue at same rate, the increase in demand of air traffic would further increase death due to fire by 4% annually (Federal Aviation Administration, 2006). If no proper measures are taken then the risks are probable to increase more and more. Polymer composites reinforced by fibre are increasingly used in todays scenario and is a serious point of concern, because these composites are more risky against fire. These materials produce heat and smoke, which cause serious damage against livestock. Therefore, it becomes important to properly evaluate the risk features against aircraft and associated fire hazards. Aircraft manufacturing companies take due care for construction of aircrafts with proper safety standards. Aircraft parts at both of its sides may look similar, but there are possibilities that they are a bit different then each other. This can result in high risk of functionality making it unsafe for use. While building an aircraft, it is important to look at each and every part of aircraft and adopt proper measures for pilot testing of finished aircraft. Construction Company for aircraft shall make sure that right parts are used in construction work. Although there are number of parts of aircraft, ones that are safer are preferred ones. Thus, the parts that are durable in nature shall be the better choice for construction. In case, risks due to flaws in aircraft spare parts are not identified at the right time, it may result in huge loss of lives. There is huge sensitivity risk in this industry due to the reason that a minor mistake can be quite dangerous for mankind. For evolutionary stages of construction work, it shall be properly taken care of. There should be testing efforts made for individual units of aircraft, as this strategy can help in finding out the mistakes thoroughly. Studies conducted by Li (1994) long ago also had explored the concept of risk of accidents in aircraft due to one or the other reason in its spare parts. He suggested cohort study as an important method to alloy complete investigation for the aircraft and its associated risks (Li, 1994). Therefore, cohort study shall take place to find out the weaker parts of an aircraft and work towards improvement of these sections. If one finds out any particular region is not of enough potential and strength, steps shall be taken to make it a stronger one with greater tensile strength. At such an instance the use of graphite composite can be a good selection due to high strength of this material. Also the measures shall be taken to find out the sections of aircraft that are prone to creep down or shrink in high temperature conditions. This can further lead to void of wings skin, which is a notable point of worry at all the situations, else there are always the risk of breakage of these materials in the sky due to change in pressure and other conditions of air in that situation. The measures at such instance can lead to a safer stand for the aircraft and therefore would increase the safety of people using these services. Evaluate an example of a safety incident due to incorrect spares. Safety has always been an important point of concern for safety of humanity. People living in this technological era are continuously faced with one or the other risk. There are situations when the aircraft parts are not used properly or there are shortcomings in the quality of spare parts used for construction of an aircraft, which result in huge losses. There are also the situations that involve illegal trade of spare parts that cause danger situations. There has been quite a number of bogus parts usage found in the aircraft industry at various instances. These were fifty two in number during 1991 and increased to more than three hundred by the end of year 1992 (Wolmar, 1993). This represents an increase in risk of aircrafts due to incorrect use of parts for construction work. These faulty parts lead to loss of quality and stiffness of aircraft. Same was the condition that occurred in South West part of USA when The discussion here is done of crash that happened on 10 July 2006 of Fokker Airplane. This F27 plane production had started since year 1955. Initially the development work was done more for less seating capacity of aircrafts. However, with the passage of time, its strength has increased. The company was doing well in its industry though; the accident that took place in July 2006 completely changed the scenario. The aircraft was constructed in the year 1964. The airplane flew successfully on 24th January 1964 for the first time in France. This was then sold to All Nippon AW and then to TAT and then to PIA. The plane served well till 10 July 2006, when the crash happened. This was the crash that changed the perception of individuals towards the airplanes. People had increasingly feared of using this mode of transport due to its associated risks. This accident was 66th in the world for aircraft industry whereas in Pakistan, 8 accidents took place before this (High Court Bar Association, 2011). The aircraft F-27 was quite appreciated in Europe due to its economic benefits, however the materials used in its products increased its inherent defects, resulting in a crash finally in the year 2006. Though the aircraft had served well for quite a long duration, the negative results were finally obtained. The manufacturer of this product had to suffer for bankruptcy due to this accident. Anthon Herman Gerard Company located in Holland was bought to an end finally after the accident. The vendor of this aircraft construction company was working on spare parts that were not approved. Because of this step, the life of individuals had to suffer a lot. Thus, the humanity got endangered due to this mistake. Rapid occurrence of accidents had resulted in numerous accidents in Europe because of which the people protested against aircrafts thereon. This lead to introduction of safer aircrafts with assured quality of construction material used. There had been several problems found in technical operations of the aircrafts. Main issues of concern have always been the use of air safety features and spare parts used in aircraft construction. Therefore it becomes important for engineers constructing aircraft to assure that there is no weak section in the aircraft due to weak quality of materials used. Mentioning the list of important spare parts is not enough, but there shall be due care of the parts used for each of the shelf. This gives greater strength to the aircraft designed. The accident of Fokker aircraft had occurred mainly because of the non usage of genuine spare parts for maintenance and the operations had been carried on by locals instead of using certified engineers and organizations and humanity had to pay for this.

Ancient Romes Animal Cruelty for Entertainment :: essays research papers

â€Å"The Romans are often characterized as loving violent and cruel entertainment in the amphitheatre. It has been suggested that the games served the dual purpose of providing entertainment for the people and maintaining the political status quo.† In today’s society, the killing of humans and animals usually means a jail term, and seeing someone die is not something people go and see for fun. Violence was glorified in Rome hundreds of years ago. All the crimes they committed were condoned, accepted and glorified. There were four different genres of such entertainment in the games held in amphitheatres (Amphi-theatres are outdoor arenas. "theatres in the round": Amphi- meaning "round" in Greek.) : Gladiatorial combat, the theatrical execution of foreigners, beast shows, as well as chariot racing. Watching someone or a beast kill another was applauded for the method, skill, or artistry used in the slaughter. The games themselves provided ways for Rome to demonstrate the power of their empire, as huge investments of wealth, time, and emotion was put into the games. Death became a spectator sport with the viewers and the viewed both contributing to a wild and gory performance. Already by the late Republic magistrates were spending huge amounts of money on these games. The Latin word for gladiatorial games is Munus which means obligatory offering. This reflects the origin of these games as funerary offerings to the dead. While magistrates in the Republic may well have put on ga mes to gain popular favour, this was in their private capacity and not as magistrates. Only gradually did the gladiatorial shows come to be assimilated with the games put on by magistrates. While the most popular games were 'chariot racing' and simulated naval battles, fights in the amphitheatres, shown in these mosaics include gladiator V gladiator, gladiator V animal (pic 2) and animal V animal, were a common feature. Less common, but not infrequent was the release of wild beasts from the pits into the arena where hundreds of criminals had earlier been positioned. These spectacles all deeming to be very entertaining to spectators. Throughout the history of the Republic, there was a difference between the gladiatorial contests and other forms of spectacular entertainment. The Romans did not invent the concept of gladiatorial fighting; there is some uncertainty as to the exact source. One ancient source says it was the Etruscans, a non-Indo-European people who lived directly north of the Romans.

William Ellsworth Dummy Hoy

William Ellsworth Hoy was the first and only accomplished deaf person to play Major League Baseball. Mr. Hoy was born on the 23rd of May in 1862 in Houck town, Ohio, this is where he got the nickname â€Å"Dummy†. In today’s society calling him that name would not be acceptable, but back then dummy meant somebody who could not speak. When people called him William, Billy or Bill he corrected them because he preferred Dummy. At the age of 2 he was diagnosed with Spinal Meningitis, this caused him to lose his hearing and since he was so young he could not learn how to speak. But this did not stop him, he proved everybody wrong, he graduated valedictorian from Columbus’s Ohio School for the Deaf and began his professional baseball career in 1886 for the Oshkosh Club in Wisconsin and was paid $85 a month. Dummy was a great baseball player, he played center field for several teams from 1888-1902, the most notably team was the Cincinnati Reds. Some sources claim that he is the reason why baseball today uses signals and signs, because he could not hear the umpire so he taught his coaches to use signals to let him know if it was a ball or strike or even the umpires to let him know if he was out or safe. Dummy died at the age of 99 on December 15, 1961 in Cincinnati, Ohio. Today there is a group of people who are trying to get him elected into the Baseball Hall Of Fame in Cooperstown, NY. His contribution to society and baseball was huge, he let people know whether your deaf or have a any disability you can still make your dreams come true as long as you try and never give up. I think somebody like this should definitely be in the Baseball Hall Of Fame, he brings honor back to game that is full or greed and selfishness.

Free Essays on IMU

Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) To better understand the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, it is essential to first give a brief overview of the history and economic state of Uzbekistan. This lays the groundwork for the explanation of why the IMU was formed. Uzbekistan is a small county located in central Asia. It extends from the foothills of the Tian Shan and Pamir mountains to land just west of the Aral Sea. Its capital and largest city is Tashkent. Uzbekistan became independent in 1991, after nearly 70 years as a republic of the Soviet Union. The dominant political party in Uzbekistan is the People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan. It formed after the Soviet Communist Party disbanded in 1991. This party kept much of the Communist Party's membership and policies. A few other parties are allowed to exist but none that seriously challenges government policies. [2] Ethnic Uzbeks make up more than 70 percent of the population. Russians, the second largest group, make up less than 10 percent of the population. Other groups include Tatars, Kazakhs, Tajiks, and Karakalpaks. As far as the economy is concerned, the government indirectly controls most of Uzbekistan’s economy. Although many farms and small businesses are privately owned, the government controls much of the supply of raw materials and transportation. The government also regulates much of the marketing of goods, particularly exports. [2] The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan consists of a coalition of Islamic militants from Uzbekistan and other Central Asian states who oppose the secular government of the current Uzbek regime led by President Islam Karimov. IMU leader Tohir Yuldashev has declared a "jihad" or "holy war" against the Government of Uzbekistan. The IMU was founded in 1996. Its members include individuals who fought in Tajikistan's 1992-97 civil war. Since early 1999, its activities have become more violent, to include bombings and kidnappings. ... Free Essays on IMU Free Essays on IMU Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) To better understand the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, it is essential to first give a brief overview of the history and economic state of Uzbekistan. This lays the groundwork for the explanation of why the IMU was formed. Uzbekistan is a small county located in central Asia. It extends from the foothills of the Tian Shan and Pamir mountains to land just west of the Aral Sea. Its capital and largest city is Tashkent. Uzbekistan became independent in 1991, after nearly 70 years as a republic of the Soviet Union. The dominant political party in Uzbekistan is the People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan. It formed after the Soviet Communist Party disbanded in 1991. This party kept much of the Communist Party's membership and policies. A few other parties are allowed to exist but none that seriously challenges government policies. [2] Ethnic Uzbeks make up more than 70 percent of the population. Russians, the second largest group, make up less than 10 percent of the population. Other groups include Tatars, Kazakhs, Tajiks, and Karakalpaks. As far as the economy is concerned, the government indirectly controls most of Uzbekistan’s economy. Although many farms and small businesses are privately owned, the government controls much of the supply of raw materials and transportation. The government also regulates much of the marketing of goods, particularly exports. [2] The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan consists of a coalition of Islamic militants from Uzbekistan and other Central Asian states who oppose the secular government of the current Uzbek regime led by President Islam Karimov. IMU leader Tohir Yuldashev has declared a "jihad" or "holy war" against the Government of Uzbekistan. The IMU was founded in 1996. Its members include individuals who fought in Tajikistan's 1992-97 civil war. Since early 1999, its activities have become more violent, to include bombings and kidnappings. ...

Multiculturalism and its benefits.

Multiculturalism and its benefits. Multiculturalism(Introduction)The word multiculturalism has been touted and expounded on for many years. This is due to extensive immigration as well as to the world becoming a much smaller place because of communication technology, world travel and international trade. It obviously has some importance in our society and its benefits would probably not be quite as appreciated if we could see a time and a place where such a practice was not encouraged.(Body)(1.Trade Investment)Multiculturalism encourages good relations with different nationalities be they local students, foreign students, visiting workers or visiting trade officials. Even immigrants with relatives and friends overseas provide good trade and investment contacts. Better trade relations ensures the exchange of different goods, this is important where vital imports like wheat and electronics is concerned.The influx of overseas investment is necessary in the growth of our local industries and this cannot be done if other nations hear about our poor civic race relations, particularly towards people who had originated from their shores.Australia realized this uncomfortable fact when certain conservative politicians made speeches sanctioning a whiter country with less tolerance for ethnic migrants. Its Asian neighbours responded by sending less students and making less business investments.(2.Science Education)The learning of different technologies from other countries and the import of talented professional foreigners is a practice that the United States, Japan and Singapore have executed with positive impact. In both countries there exist a group of highly skilled expatriate workers, quite a few who have decided to permanently make these countries their home. Also, the employment of foreign professors and the attendance of foreign graduate students raises the level of information exchange and technical knowledge of universities.The learning of different cultures in the area of history, literature, s cience and...

Baytown Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Baytown - Essay Example According to Feiser the moral challenge in multinational companies need to live up to moral expectations more intense for multinational companies who need to live up to moral expectations both in the US and in host foreign countries. In developed countries, the moral expectations of the host country are as stringent as our own. With third world host countries, though, the moral expectations often more lax and multinationals are tempted to lower their standards when situations permit. Morality in business plays an important role. Business would not success if employees have problems with their colleagues because something has done something wrong with someone. Business will not able to reach its goal if the staffs are having problems. It is important to understand which actions violate morality. There are actions and decisions that are mistakenly understood as violation of morality which is in fact not. To be able to avoid such problems proper definition of the term morality should be clearly defined. Maltreatment of employees is one violation of morality. The company should have a clear list of moral issues that is important for the company's success. Business ethics are the one that examines the moral problems that can arise in business environment.

The Federal Reserve Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Federal Reserve - Essay Example Those initiatives should arrive at good results for the greater majority, including Small Business Enterprises and private individuals, although there seems to be a need to determine the timetable for such an achievement. As of May 2013, only large businesses were discovered to be realizing better credit facilities. Employment rate remains high although previous quarters had higher unemployment rates. However, the most recent initiatives reported in February 2013 by the Board of Governors gave some hope for changes along a better direction. In that report, full employment was made a commitment. And until the time when full employment is realized while low inflation rate at 2% is maintained, the Fed will continue to accommodate further infusion of money supply into the economy. Roles & Effectiveness of the US Federal Reserve Founded in 1913, the US Federal Reserve System was meant to serve as the country’s Central Bank under the supervision of Congress. Its roles were: (1) to f ormulate the monetary policy that defines the nation’s â€Å"monetary and credit conditions† so that maximum employment of the people, price stability, and â€Å"moderate, long-term interest rates† can be realized; (2) to supervise and regulate banks and other financial institutions for a safe and sound financial system that protects â€Å"the credit rights of consumers†; (3) to maintain a stable financial system and control the risks inherent in the financial markets; and (4) to serve the local and foreign governments with the facilitations for transactions, including services in connection with the payment system (BoG 2005, p.1). Over the years, it has evolved into influencing the demand and money supply situation of a country, using the four (4) standard means. The first is known as the means through â€Å"Open Market Operations† whereby the Federal Bank may reduce or increase money supply by limiting the amount and/or volume of purchases or sal e of US Treasury securities. When the Federal Bank purchases securities from the open market, more cash is made available in the economy. When the Fed sells Treasury securities to cash-rich investors for them to have a stable income source at an attractive interest rate, the country will have less money supply circulating. A 2nd means would be through the issuance of a directive for all banks to maintain a certain reserve requirement. These are in the form of cash in amounts determined by the percentage of deposits by consumers. Reserves are then deposited with the Federal Reserve Bank. To increase money supply, the Fed can simply lower the required reserves for all deposits. To decrease the level of money supply, reserve requirements may be increased so that there would be less lending operations on the part of banks and therefore lower money supply available in the economy. The 3rd way is by adding the requirement to have reserves in the form of â€Å"Contractual Clearing Balance † (BoG 2005, p. 3). Some transactions with payments that take some time to clear between two banks can be secured by additional reserves at the Federal Bank. Such amounts are on top of the 2nd means which is the reserve requirements by the Fed. These additional deposits with the Federal Bank may be stipulated by the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) governing body. The 4th means of influencing the level of money